Cwrs ar y past continuous (preterit parhaus) - Paratoad TOEIC®
❓ Mae'r geiriau preterit parhaus a past continuous yn golygu'r un peth yn Saesneg.
1. Sut i ffurfio'r past continuous (neu preterit parhaus)
| Brawddegau cadarnhaol | Brawddegau negyddol | Brawddegau holiadol |
|---|---|---|
| I was reading | I was not (wasn't) reading | Was I reading? |
| You were reading | You were not (weren’t) reading | Were you reading? |
| He/She/It was reading | He/She/It was not (wasn’t) reading | Was he/she/it reading? |
| We were reading | We were not (weren’t) reading | Were we reading? |
| You were reading | You were not (weren’t) reading | Were you reading? |
| They were reading | They were not (weren’t) reading | Were they reading? |
- Ar gyfer brawddegau cadarnhaol, defnyddiwch y ffurf subject + was/were + -ing.
- Ar gyfer brawddegau negyddol, defnyddiwch y ffurf subject + was/were + not + -ing.
- Ar gyfer brawddegau holiadol, defnyddiwch y ffurf was/were + subject + -ing + ?.
Camgymeriadau cyffredin
- Defnyddio "were" gyda’r trydydd person unigol:
- Anghywir: We were reading a book.
- Cywir: We was reading a book.
2. Pryd i ddefnyddio'r past continuous (neu preterit parhaus)?
2.1. Gweithredoedd yn digwydd yn y gorffennol
Yn gyffredinol, defnyddir y past continuous i drafod gweithredoedd oedd yn digwydd ar adeg benodol yn y gorffennol.
- Ddoe am 8 PM, I was watching a movie.
2.2. Gweithredoedd a gafodd eu torri yn y gorffennol
Yn dilyn y pwynt blaenorol, defnyddir y past continuous i sôn am weithredoedd oedd yn digwydd ac a gafodd eu torri yn y gorffennol.
- Yesterday at 8 PM, I was watching a movie when my friend called me.
Marciau amser sy'n gysylltiedig â'r past continuous
Mae ymadroddion fel "while", "when", "at that moment" yn cael eu defnyddio yn aml gyda'r past continuous i ddangos pryd neu am faint o amser yr oedd gweithred yn digwydd.
- While she was waiting for the bus, she met an old friend.
- Josephine was writing on the whiteboard when her phone rang.
- At that moment, Josephine was writing on the whiteboard.
🎯 Awgrym: Os gwelwch un o'r marciau amser hyn mewn brawddeg TOEIC® wedi'i ddilyn gan past simple (she met, rang, ...), gallwch fod bron yn sicr mai past continuous yw'r amser a ddefnyddir!
Dyma'r ffurf fwy generig:
- While \+ past continuous**\,** past simple
- Past continuous, when past simple
- At that moment, past continuous
Casgliad
Yn yr arholiad TOEIC®, byddwch yn dod ar draws o leiaf ychydig o gwestiynau sy'n gofyn am fedr ar y past continuous. Mae'n bwysig cofio ei fod yn cael ei ffurfio gyda was / were + ing, ac mae'n cael ei ddefnyddio i siarad am weithred oedd yn digwydd yn y gorffennol.
Os hoffech ddarllen rhagor o gyrsiau am y TOEIC®, rydym yn argymell yr erthyglau hyn: