Curso sobre los verbos irregulares en inglés - Preparación TOEIC®

Introducción
Aquí tienes una lista no exhaustiva de los verbos irregulares en inglés. Para cada verbo, hemos añadido una probabilidad (hipotética y no oficial, basada en nuestras propias observaciones) de que aparezca en el TOEIC®.
El objetivo es que puedas identificar qué palabras son más frecuentes en el TOEIC®.
Esta base te será muy útil, ya que te proporcionará un vocabulario mínimo, lo que te permitirá afrontar el TOEIC® con mayor facilidad.
Verbos irregulares TOEIC®
| Verbo Base | Pretérito | Participio Pasado | Traducción | Probabilidad |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| abide | abode | abode | respetar/acatar | 10% |
| arise | arose | arisen | surgir | 20% |
| awake | awoke | awoken | despertarse | 15% |
| be | was | been | ser/estar | 95% |
| bear | bore | borne | soportar/sostener | 25% |
| beat | beat | beaten | golpear | 30% |
| become | became | become | convertirse en | 95% |
| begin | began | begun | comenzar | 80% |
| bend | bent | bent | doblar/inclinar | 25% |
| bet | bet | bet | apostar | 20% |
| bid | bid | bid | ofrecer, hacer una oferta | 15% |
| bind | bound | bound | atar/vincular | 20% |
| bite | bit | bitten | morder | 15% |
| bleed | bled | bled | sangrar | 10% |
| blow | blew | blown | soplar | 25% |
| break | broke | broken | romper | 80% |
| breed | bred | bred | criar (animales) | 15% |
| bring | brought | brought | traer | 95% |
| build | built | built | construir | 80% |
| burn | burnt | burnt | quemar | 20% |
| burst | burst | burst | estallar | 15% |
| buy | bought | bought | comprar | 95% |
| cast | cast | cast | lanzar, distribuir (roles) | 20% |
| catch | caught | caught | atrapar | 80% |
| choose | chose | chosen | elegir | 50% |
| cling | clung | clung | aferrarse | 15% |
| come | came | come | venir | 95% |
| cost | cost | cost | costar | 80% |
| creep | crept | crept | arrastrarse | 15% |
| cut | cut | cut | cortar | 80% |
| deal | dealt | dealt | repartir | 25% |
| dig | dug | dug | cavar | 20% |
| do | did | done | hacer | 95% |
| draw | drew | drawn | dibujar | 50% |
| dream | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed | soñar | 20% |
| drink | drank | drunk | beber | 50% |
| drive | drove | driven | conducir | 50% |
| dwell | dwelt/dwelled | dwelt/dwelled | habitar | 10% |
| eat | ate | eaten | comer | 80% |
| fall | fell | fallen | caer | 50% |
| feed | fed | fed | alimentar | 30% |
| feel | felt | felt | sentir(se) | 80% |
| fight | fought | fought | pelear | 30% |
| find | found | found | encontrar | 95% |
| flee | fled | fled | huir | 15% |
| fling | flung | flung | lanzar | 10% |
| fly | flew | flown | volar | 30% |
| forbid | forbade | forbidden | prohibir | 20% |
| forecast | forecast | forecast | prever | 20% |
| foresee | foresaw | foreseen | prever/presentir | 15% |
| foretell | foretold | foretold | predecir | 10% |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | olvidar | 50% |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | perdonar | 25% |
| forsake | forsook | forsaken | abandonar | 15% |
| freeze | froze | frozen | congelar | 30% |
| get | got | got | obtener | 95% |
| give | gave | given | dar | 95% |
| go | went | gone | ir | 95% |
| grind | ground | ground | moler | 15% |
| grow | grew | grown | crecer | 50% |
| hang | hung | hung | colgar | 25% |
| have | had | had | tener | 95% |
| hear | heard | heard | oír | 80% |
| hide | hid | hidden | esconder(se) | 30% |
| hit | hit | hit | golpear | 50% |
| hold | held | held | sostener | 80% |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | herir | 50% |
| keep | kept | kept | mantener | 80% |
| kneel | knelt/kneeled | knelt/kneeled | arrodillarse | 10% |
| knit | knit | knit | tejer | 10% |
| know | knew | known | saber | 95% |
| lay | laid | laid | colocar | 30% |
| lead | led | led | liderar | 50% |
| lean | leaned/leant | leaned/leant | inclinarse | 15% |
| leap | leaped/leapt | leaped/leapt | saltar | 20% |
| learn | learnt | learnt | aprender | 50% |
| leave | left | left | dejar/partir | 80% |
| lend | lent | lent | prestar | 30% |
| let | let | let | permitir | 80% |
| lie | lay | lain | estar acostado | 30% |
| light | lit | lit | encender | 25% |
| lose | lost | lost | perder | 80% |
| make | made | made | hacer | 95% |
| mean | meant | meant | significar | 80% |
| meet | met | met | encontrar/conocer | 80% |
| mow | mowed | mown | segar | 10% |
| overcome | overcame | overcome | superar | 30% |
| partake | partook | partaken | participar en | 10% |
| pay | paid | paid | pagar | 95% |
| put | put | put | poner | 95% |
| quit | quit | quit | dejar/abandonar | 20% |
| read | read | read | leer | 80% |
| rid | rid | rid | librar(se) de | 15% |
| ride | rode | ridden | montar (a caballo, bicicleta) | 50% |
| ring | rang | rung | sonar | 25% |
| rise | rose | risen | levantarse | 30% |
| run | ran | run | correr / gestionar | 95% |
| saw | sawed | sawn | serrar | 15% |
| say | said | said | decir | 95% |
| see | saw | seen | ver | 95% |
| seek | sought | sought | buscar | 30% |
| sell | sold | sold | vender | 80% |
| send | sent | sent | enviar | 80% |
| set | set | set | colocar/establecer | 80% |
| sew | sewed | sewn | coser | 15% |
| shake | shook | shaken | sacudir | 30% |
| shear | sheared | shorn | esquilar | 10% |
| shed | shed | shed | mudar/perder (pelo, hojas) | 10% |
| shine | shone | shone | brillar | 20% |
| shoe | shod | shod | herrar | 10% |
| shoot | shot | shot | disparar | 30% |
| show | showed | shown | mostrar | 50% |
| shut | shut | shut | cerrar | 25% |
| sing | sang | sung | cantar | 30% |
| sink | sank | sunk | hundirse | 25% |
| sit | sat | sat | sentarse | 80% |
| slay | slew | slain | matar/asesinar | 10% |
| sleep | slept | slept | dormir | 50% |
| slide | slid | slid | deslizarse | 20% |
| slit | slit | slit | rajar | 15% |
| smell | smelt/smelled | smelt/smelled | oler | 25% |
| sow | sowed | sown | sembrar | 10% |
| speak | spoke | spoken | hablar | 95% |
| speed | sped | sped | ir rápido | 20% |
| spell | spelt | spelt | deletrear | 20% |
| spend | spent | spent | gastar | 80% |
| spill | spilt | spilt | derramar | 15% |
| spin | spun | spun | girar/hilar | 20% |
| spit | spat/spit | spat/spit | escupir | 10% |
| split | split | split | dividir | 20% |
| spoil | spoilt | spoilt | estropear | 15% |
| spread | spread | spread | esparcir | 25% |
| spring | sprang | sprung | brotar | 15% |
| stand | stood | stood | estar de pie | 80% |
| steal | stole | stolen | robar | 30% |
| stick | stuck | stuck | pegar | 25% |
| sting | stung | stung | picar | 15% |
| stink | stank | stunk | apestar | 10% |
| stride | strode | stridden | caminar a grandes pasos | 10% |
| strike | struck | struck | golpear | 30% |
| strive | strove | striven | esforzarse | 15% |
| swear | swore | sworn | jurar | 25% |
| sweep | swept | swept | barrer | 20% |
| swell | swelled | swollen | hincharse | 15% |
| swim | swam | swum | nadar | 25% |
| swing | swung | swung | balancearse | 15% |
| take | took | taken | tomar | 95% |
| teach | taught | taught | enseñar | 95% |
| tear | tore | torn | rasgar / desgarrar | 25% |
| tell | told | told | decir / contar | 95% |
| think | thought | thought | pensar | 95% |
| throw | threw | thrown | lanzar / tirar | 50% |
| thrust | thrust | thrust | empujar con fuerza | 10% |
| tread | trod | trodden | pisotear / pisar algo | 10% |
| undergo | underwent | undergone | sufrir / experimentar | 20% |
| understand | understood | understood | comprender | 95% |
| undertake | undertook | undertaken | encargarse de / emprender algo | 20% |
| upset | upset | upset | alterar / disgustar | 15% |
| wake | woke | woken | despertar | 30% |
| wear | wore | worn | llevar puesto | 50% |
| weave | wove | woven | tejer | 10% |
| weep | wept | wept | llorar | 20% |
| win | won | won | ganar (juego) | 80% |
| wind | wound | wound | enrollar / dar cuerda | 15% |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | retirar | 25% |
| withhold | withheld | withheld | retener | 20% |
| withstand | withstood | withstood | resistir a | 15% |
| wring | wrung | wrung | retorcer | 10% |
| write | wrote | written | escribir | 95% |
| broadcast | broadcast | broadcast | transmitir / emitir | 20% |
| deal (with) | dealt | dealt | ocuparse de | 25% |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk | encogerse / reducirse | 15% |
Conclusión
Si deseas aprender más sobre la gramática inglesa, te recomendamos estos artículos: