Cúrsa ar an Present Simple agus an Present Continuous i mBéarla - Ullmhúchán TOEIC®
Tá sé tábhachtach a bheith in ann rogha a dhéanamh idir an Present Simple agus an Present Continuous i mBéarla, go háirithe lá an scrúdaithe TOEIC®.
I RANNÓG PART-5, is minic a bheidh ort rogha a dhéanamh idir an dá aimsir seo.
1. Comparáidí Ginearálta
A. Gnáthamh vs An t-am i láthair
| Abairt i mBéarla | Míniú |
|---|---|
| Sandra teaches English at a high school. She prepares lessons and grades papers every day. | Táimid ag plé gníomhaíochtaí rialta Sandra mar chuid dá gnáthamh. Tugann every day le fios gur nós é, mar sin gnáthamh atá ann. |
| Right now, Sandra is reviewing a student's essay. She is sitting at her desk in the classroom. | Táimid ag cur síos ar na gníomhartha atá Sandra ag déanamh faoi láthair (tugann right now le fios go bhfuil sé ag tarlú anois). |
B. Gníomhaíocht Ghinearálta vs Tionscadail Reatha
| Abairt i mBéarla | Míniú |
|---|---|
| She writes articles for a popular science magazine. They explore innovative technologies and scientific breakthroughs. | Táimid ag caint faoi ghníomhaíocht ghinearálta, is é seo a post laethúil. |
| Currently, she is writing a feature on renewable energy solutions for a special edition focusing on environmental sustainability. | Táimid ag caint faoi thionscadal ar leith, is é seo a tionscadal reatha. |
C. Fíricí vs Athruithe Mall
| Abairt i mBéarla | Míniú |
|---|---|
| Generally, high temperatures cause increased energy consumption. | Fíric ghinearálta atá fíor i gcónaí (tugann generally le fios go bhfuil an riail seo fíor i ngach áit). |
| Currently, a heatwave is causing a significant rise in electricity demand. | Tugann currently le fios go bhfuil athrú ag tarlú anois, ach mall. Ní bhíonn an t-athrú le feiceáil thar chúpla lá. |
D. Suíomhanna buana vs Suíomhanna sealadacha
| Abairt i mBéarla | Míniú |
|---|---|
| Maria manages the customer service department. | Fíor i gcónaí, is é seo a post laethúil. |
| Currently, I am managing the customer service department while Maria is on maternity leave. | Tugann currently agus while le fios gur suíomh sealadach atá ann. |
2. Na Briathra Staid
Tá roinnt briathra ann a chuireann síos ar staid seachas gníomh.
Go ginearálta, ní úsáidtear iad riamh sa Present Continuous (ní léiríonn briathar staid gníomh).
2.1. Briathra a chuireann i gcéill smaointeoireacht
- believe (creid)
- doubt (amhras a chur ar)
- guess (meas)
- imagine (samhlú)
- know (a bheith ar eolas agat)
- realize (tabhair faoi deara)
- suppose (glac leis)
- understand (tuig)
- agree (aontú)
- advise (moladh)
- forget (dearmad a dhéanamh)
- mean (ciallaigh)
- recognize (aithin)
- remember (cuimhnigh)
- think (smaoineamh)
Samplaí
- I believe you are right.
- Do you think I should leave ?
Eisceachtaí
🚧 What are you thinking about? I'm thinking about our last meeting.
Anseo, úsáidtear an briathar "think" sa Present Continuous. De ghnáth, is briathar staid é "think" agus ní úsáidtear é sa Present Continuous.
Mar sin féin, tá eisceacht ann nuair a bhíonn "think" le brí "gníomhach" (táim ag machnamh faoi ...), sa chás seo, is féidir é a úsáid sa Present Continuous.
2.2. Briathra a chuireann i gcéill úinéireacht
- belong to (baineann le)
- have (sa chiall "bíonn ag")
- own (is le duine)
- possess (ceannsaigh)
Samplaí
- The musician now owns six vintage guitars.
- The small cottage by the lake belongs to the Johnson family.
- The library has a rare edition of Shakespeare's works.
Eisceachtaí
Má leanann have láithreach bonn le ainmfhocal agus léiríonn sé gníomh, is féidir é a úsáid sa Present Continuous.
Why is she not answering? She is having dinner.
2.3. Briathra a chuireann i gcéill mothúcháin nó tuiscintí
- dislike (ní maith le)
- can't stand (ní féidir cur suas le)
- hate (gráin a bheith agat ar)
- like (is maith le)
- prefer (tusa fearr)
- love (grá mór)
- want (teastaigh ó)
- care (aire a thabhairt do)
- feel (mothaigh)
- don't mind (ní chuireann isteach orm)
- regret (aiféala a bheith ar)
- wish (guigh)
Samplaí
- She prefers water (is gnáthach, ní féidir a rá "I am loving this water" - tá sé ginearálta, is maith leat nó ní maith leat)
- He likes this car
Eisceachtaí
-
Má leanann ceann de na briathra seo le briathar eile, beidh an dara briathar ag críochnú le -ing.
She likes waking up early on weekdays.
-
Is féidir Present Continuous a úsáid chun mothúchán láidir agus sealadach a chur in iúl.
I'm hating this weather!
2.4. Briathra na cúig céadfaí
- hear (clois)
- smell (boladh)
- sound (fuaim)
- taste (blas)
- see (feic)
- feel (mothaigh)
Samplaí
- I can hear the birds singing early in the morning.
- The music sounds wonderful from over here.
Eisceachtaí
Is féidir smell, taste, feel a úsáid sa Present Continuous chun béim a chur ar gur “táimid ag tabhairt aire”, nó go bhfuilimid ag mothú an mhothúcháin. I bhfocail eile, úsáidtear iad chun gníomh a chur in iúl.
- I am smelling the Whiskey.
- Where is Amanda? She is not feeling well.
2.5. Briathra Staid Eile
- contain (ábhair)
- depend on (braith ar)
- include (cuimsigh)
- involve (baineann le)
- mean (ciallaigh)
- measure (tomhas)
- weigh (mheáigh)
- require (riachtanas a bheith ag)
- cost (costas)
- consist (of) (comhdhéanamh déanta de)
- seem (dealraíonn)
- need (teastaíonn)
- be (bí)
Samplaí
- This bottle contains exactly two liters of water.
- This symbol means peace in many cultures.
Eisceachtaí
Chun athrú neamhghnách iompair a chur in iúl, is féidir be a úsáid sa Present Continuous
He's being unusually quiet in the meetings this week.
- De ghnáth, bíonn sé an-pháirteach, ach ní hamhlaidh atá sé anois.
2.6. Eisceachtaí
Nuair atá brí difriúil acu ná an gnáth-bhrí, is féidir na briathra staid a úsáid leis an Present Continuous. Leagann sé seo béim ar nádúr sealadach nó ar an ngníomh atá ag tarlú.
- She sees the Eiffel Tower from her window
- gnáthsuíomh, úsáid gnáth ar an bhfocal “see”
- She is seeing someone new
- suíomh sealadach, úsáid Present Continuous
Tá liosta de na briathra staid ar fáil anseo:
Conclúid
Chun máistreacht a fháil ar an Present do do scrúdú TOEIC®, molaimid duit na hailt seo a leanas a léamh: