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Kursus tentang kata penghubung - Persiapan TOEIC®

Seorang guru dari top-students.com menerangkan kata penghubung dalam bahasa Inggris di papan tulis dengan kapur. Kursus ini adalah kursus TOEIC® khusus yang dirancang untuk keunggulan dalam ujian TOEIC®.

Kata penghubung, juga disebut « linking words » atau « connectors », digunakan untuk menghubungkan ide dan membuat sebuah teks atau pidato menjadi lebih lancar. Dalam kursus ini, kita akan mengulas tipe-tipe utama kata penghubung, dibagi berdasarkan kategori.

1. Kata penghubung untuk menambah atau membuat daftar ide

Kata-kata ini memungkinkan Anda memperkenalkan informasi baru, melengkapi ide, atau menyusun poin-poin dalam urutan logis (kronologis atau berdasarkan kepentingan).

KataTerjemahanContoh
anddanI like watching movies and reading books.
alsojugaShe works as a teacher; she also does volunteer work on weekends.
as welljuga / selain ituHe's a talented singer as well as a skilled guitarist.
in additionselain itu / tambahan lagiShe speaks Spanish. In addition, she understands French.
moreoverselain itu / lebih lagiHe was late. Moreover, he didn’t bring his notes.
furthermoretambahan lagi / selain ituWe have no time. Furthermore, we lack the necessary equipment.
besidesselain itu / lagipulaI don’t like horror films. Besides, they scare me.
first / firstlypertama / pertama-tamaFirst, let me introduce the main topic of the meeting.
second / secondlykeduaSecond, we will examine the results of the survey.
third / thirdlyketigaThird, we’ll compare these results to last year’s data.
nextselanjutnyaNext, we need to analyze the data in more detail.
thenlalu / kemudianThen, we’ll move on to the final discussion.
finallyakhirnyaFinally, we’ll summarize our conclusions.
lastlyterakhirLastly, we should thank everyone for their contributions.
last but not leastterakhir tapi tidak kalah pentingLast but not least, let’s address the financial aspect.

Nuansa / Pengecualian

2. Kata penghubung untuk menyatakan sebab dan akibat

Kata-kata ini menunjukkan mengapa sesuatu terjadi (sebab) dan apa hasilnya (akibat).

Menyatakan sebab

KataTerjemahanContoh
becausekarenaI stayed home because it was raining heavily.
sincekarena / sebabSince you’re here early, let’s start the meeting now.
askarena / sebabAs I was busy, I couldn’t attend the conference.
due tokarena / disebabkan olehThe game was canceled due to bad weather.
owing tokarena / disebabkan olehOwing to the traffic, we arrived late.

Menyatakan akibat

KataTerjemahanContoh
sojadi / makaIt was raining, so I took an umbrella.
thereforeoleh karena ituShe didn’t study; therefore, she failed the exam.
thusjadi / makaHe saved money; thus, he could afford a new car.
as a resultsebagai hasilnya / akibatnyaSales increased. As a result, the company hired more staff.
consequentlyakibatnya / oleh karena ituThe project failed. Consequently, they lost their funding.
hencemaka / sehinggaHe was the best performer; hence, his rapid promotion.

Nuansa / Pengecualian

3. Kata penghubung untuk menyatakan kondisi

KataTerjemahanContoh
ifjikaIf it rains, we’ll stay home.
unlesskecuali / apabila tidakI won’t go out unless you come with me.
provided (that)dengan syarat / asalkanI’ll lend you the book provided (that) you give it back soon.
providing (that)asalkan / dengan syaratWe’ll succeed providing (that) we all work together.
as long asselama / asalkanYou can stay out as long as you call me if you need anything.
on condition thatdengan syaratHe will sign the contract on condition that we respect the deadline.
in casekalau-kalau / jika terjadiTake an umbrella in case it rains.

Nuansa / Pengecualian

4. Kata penghubung untuk menyatakan pertentangan atau konsesi

Menyatakan pertentangan

KataTerjemahanContoh
buttetapiHe is rich, but he is not happy.
howevernamun / walaupun demikianI like the city; however, I prefer the countryside.
yetnamun / tetapiIt seemed easy at first, yet it turned out complicated.
neverthelessmeskipun demikian / walau begituThey lost the match; nevertheless, they played bravely.
nonethelesswalau begitu / meskipun demikianIt’s raining; nonetheless, we decided to go hiking.
stilltetap / tapiShe apologized; still, he remained upset.
whereassedangkan / sementaraShe loves jazz, whereas her brother prefers rock music.
whilesementara / sedangkanWhile I like sweets, I try to eat healthy.
on the other handdi sisi lainThe city is noisy; on the other hand, it’s very vibrant.

Menyatakan konsesi

KataTerjemahanContoh
althoughwalaupun / meskipunAlthough it was late, we kept studying.
even thoughmeskipun / walaupunShe won even though she was injured.
thoughwalaupun / meskipunThough it was difficult, he managed to finish on time.
despitemeskipun / walaupunDespite the rain, they continued their trip.
in spite ofmeskipun / walaupunIn spite of her fear, she gave a great speech.
even ifbahkan jika / walaupunWe will go out even if it starts raining later.

Nuansa / Pengecualian

5. Kata penghubung untuk menyatakan tujuan

KataTerjemahanContoh
tountuk / agarHe works hard to achieve his dreams.
in order toagar / supayaShe left early in order to catch the first train.
so as toagar / supayaWe must prepare everything so as to avoid any delay.
so thatsupaya / agarTurn down the music so that the neighbors won’t complain.
in order thatagar / supayaWe set up a meeting in order that everyone can participate.

Nuansa / Pengecualian

6. Kata penghubung untuk memberikan contoh atau ilustrasi

KataTerjemahanContoh
for examplemisalnya / contohnyaSome countries, for example, Italy, are famous for their cuisine.
for instancemisalnya / contohnyaThere are many social networks; for instance, TikTok and Instagram.
such asseperti / contohnyaHe likes outdoor activities such as hiking and kayaking.
likesepertiShe enjoys sports like football and basketball.
e.g.(exempli gratia)You should eat more fruits (e.g., apples, bananas, oranges).
specificallysecara khususShe focuses on sustainable energy, specifically solar power.
to illustrateuntuk mengilustrasikanTo illustrate, let’s look at last year’s revenue figures.

Nuansa / Pengecualian

7. Kata penghubung untuk merangkum atau menyimpulkan

KataTerjemahanContoh
in conclusionsebagai kesimpulanIn conclusion, both methods can be effective.
to sum upuntuk merangkumTo sum up, we need more resources to complete this project.
in summarysecara ringkas / sebagai ringkasanIn summary, we’ve covered all the major points.
all in allsecara keseluruhanAll in all, it was a successful event.
overallsecara keseluruhan / umumnyaOverall, the feedback has been positive.
to concludeuntuk menyimpulkanTo conclude, let’s review the final recommendations.
brieflysecara singkatBriefly, the test results are better than expected.
in shortsingkatnya / secara singkatIn short, we need a better strategy.

Nuansa / Pengecualian

Kesimpulan

Kata penghubung sangat penting untuk menyusun kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris. Mereka membuat pidato lebih jelas, lebih lancar, dan lebih logis. Dalam TOEIC®, penguasaan yang baik terhadap kata penghubung sangat penting, terutama di bagian Reading, di mana mereka membantu memahami hubungan logis antar ide, serta di bagian Listening, di mana mereka membantu mengikuti alur percakapan atau pidato.

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