Cúrsa ar an future perfect continuous - Ullmhúchán TOEIC®
Úsáidtear an future perfect continuous i mBéarla chun labhairt faoi ghníomh a bheidh ar siúl ar feadh tréimhse áirithe agus a leanfaidh go dtí nóiméad áirithe amach anseo. Cuireann an aimsir seo béim ar leanúnachas agus ar fhad an ghnímh.
Conas an future perfect continuous a fhoirmiú?
Is í an bhunfhoirm don future perfect: will have been + Verb−ing
Seo tábla a dhéanann achoimre ar conas an future perfect continuous i mBéarla a fhoirmiú:
| Foirm | Struchtúr | Samplaí |
|---|---|---|
| Dearfach | Ábhar + will have been + V-ing | I will have been working here for ten years by next January. They will have been studying English for three hours by lunchtime. She will have been living in New York for a decade by 2030. |
| Diúltach | Ábhar + will not have been + V-ing (nó giorrú: won't) | I will not have been working here for ten years by 2025. He won’t have been sleeping for very long by the time we arrive. They won’t have been waiting for us because we didn’t tell them we were coming. |
| Ceisteach | Will + ábhar + have been + V-ing ? | Will you have been working here for a year by next month? Will she have been living in Australia for long by the end of the year? Will they have been studying for eight hours straight by this evening? |
| Ceisteach le focail cheisteacha | Focal ceisteach + will + ábhar + have been + V-ing ? | How long will you have been waiting by the time we get there? Where will she have been staying during her trip by next summer? |
An future perfect continuous chun labhairt faoi ghníomhaíochtaí a thosaigh roimh phointe áirithe amach anseo agus atá fós ar siúl
Is dócha gurb é seo an úsáid is coitianta don future perfect continuous. Leis an future perfect continuous, táimid ag cur béime ar an bhfíric go dtosóidh an gníomh roimh phointe áirithe amach anseo agus beidh sé fós ar siúl ag an nóiméad seo nó go dtí an nóiméad sin.
- By the time he retires, he will have been working in the same company for forty years.
(Faoin am a rachaidh sé ar scor, beidh sé ag obair sa chuideachta chéanna le cheithre bliana déag.) - By 10 p.m. tomorrow, they will have been driving for twelve hours.
(Faoi 10 p.m. amárach, beidh siad ag tiomáint ar feadh dhá uair déag.) - By the end of this year, we will have been working on this project for six months.
(Faoi dheireadh na bliana seo, beidh muid ag obair ar an tionscadal seo ar feadh sé mhí.)
An future perfect continuous chun béim a chur ar fhad nó ar dhul chun cinn gnímh go dtí pointe ar leith
Úsáidtear an future perfect continuous go minic chun béim a chur ar an tréimhse iomlán a bheidh gníomh ar siúl, go dtí pointe áirithe amach anseo. Freagraíonn sé ceisteanna mar: « Cé chomh fada? » nó « Cén fhad atá ann? ».
- In October, I will have been living in this city for five years.
(I mí Dheireadh Fómhair, beidh cúig bliana caite agam ag maireachtáil sa chathair seo.) - By next summer, we will have been practicing for the marathon for six months.
(Faoi shamhradh na bliana seo chugainn, beidh muid ag cleachtadh don maratón ar feadh sé mhí.) - When she arrives, she will have been waiting for her friend for over an hour.
(Nuair a thiocfaidh sí, beidh sí ag fanacht lena cara ar feadh níos mó ná uair an chloig.)
An future perfect continuous chun comparáid a dhéanamh idir dhá phointe ama amach anseo
Ceadaíonn an future perfect continuous comparáid idir thús gnímh (go minic sa stair nó sa lá atá inniu ann) agus a staid amach anseo, le béim ar an tréimhse eatarthu.
- By the time you finish your degree, you will have been studying at university for six years.
(Nuair a chríochnaíonn tú do chéim, beidh sé sé bliana ó thosaigh tú ag staidéar san ollscoil.) - By 3 p.m. tomorrow, I will have been waiting for your call for an hour.
(Amárach ag 3 p.m., beidh mé ag fanacht le do ghlaoch ar feadh uair an chloig.) - By the time we leave for vacation, we will have been working non-stop for two months.
(Nuair a bhfágfaimid ar saoire, beidh muid ag obair gan stad ar feadh dhá mhí.)
Gnáthmharcóirí ama don future perfect continuous
Baineann roinnt nathanna ama go minic leis an Future Perfect Continuous:
-
By + pointe sonrach: By next year, by 2025, by next week, by the time we arrive, srl.
- By next year, I will have been studying English for five years.
(Faoi bhliain ó inniu, beidh cúig bliana caite agam ag staidéar Béarla.) - By 2025, she will have been running her business for a decade.
(Faoi 2025, beidh sí ag rith a gnó ar feadh deich mbliana.)
- By next year, I will have been studying English for five years.
-
For + fad: For an hour, for three years, for a long time, srl.
- For a long time, they will have been discussing this topic without reaching any conclusion.
(Ar feadh i bhfad, beidh siad ag plé an ábhair seo gan teacht ar chonclúid.)
- For a long time, they will have been discussing this topic without reaching any conclusion.
-
By the time + fochomhaire: By the time she leaves, by the time you finish, srl.
- By the time she leaves, we will have been talking for hours.
(Nuair a bhfágann sí, beidh muid ag caint le chéile ar feadh uaireanta.) - By the time the movie starts, we will have been waiting in line for an hour.
(Nuair a thosóidh an scannán, beidh muid ag fanacht sa líne ar feadh uair an chloig.)
- By the time she leaves, we will have been talking for hours.
-
Next, in, before + pointe ama (níos annamh, ach is féidir nuair atá an smaoineamh fad ann):
- In six months’ time, I will have been working here for two years.
(I gceann sé mhí, beidh dhá bhliain caite agam ag obair anseo.) - Before he turns 30, he will have been playing the piano for two decades.
(Sula mbeidh sé tríocha, beidh fiche bliain caite aige ag seinm an phianó.) - Next summer, we will have been traveling across Europe for eight weeks.
(An samhradh seo chugainn, beidh muid ag taisteal ar fud na hEorpa ar feadh ocht seachtaine.)
- In six months’ time, I will have been working here for two years.
Cathain nach n-úsáidtear an Future Perfect Continuous?
Cé go bhfuil an future perfect continuous úsáideach chun fad gnímh amach anseo a chur in iúl, tá cásanna ina ní féidir é a úsáid:
Le gníomh briathra statacha (nó briathra staid)
Ní féidir le roinnt briathra a chuireann staid, mothúchán nó tuairim in iúl (to know, to believe, to own, srl.) a bheith sa bhfoirm continuous. Sa chás seo, úsáidtear an future perfect simple.
- By next year, I will have known her for a decade.
(Ceart - is briathar staid é "to know".) - By next year, I will have been knowing her for a decade.
(Mícheart - ní féidir "to know" a úsáid sa \continuous.)\
Chun tuilleadh eolais a fháil, féach ar ár gcúrsa ar briathra staid
Nuair a chuirtear béim ar an toradh nó ar an gcomhlíonadh
Más mian leat béim a chur ar an bhfíric go mbeidh gníomhaíocht críochnaithe, agus ní ar an fad, is fearr an future perfect simple.
- By 5 p.m., I will have finished writing my report.
(Ag 5 p.m., beidh mé críochnaithe ag scríobh mo thuairisc.) - By 5 p.m., I will have been writing my report for five hours.
(Ag 5 p.m., beidh cúig uair an chloig caite agam ag scríobh mo thuairisc - béim ar an fad, ní ar an críochnú.)
Future perfect simple agus future perfect continuous, cé acu roghnú?
Cuirtear béim leis an future perfect simple go mbeidh an gníomh críochnaithe, comhlíonta, réitithe.
- By 2025, I will have finished my training.
(Faoi 2025, beidh mo oiliúint críochnaithe agam. - Béim ar an toradh.)
Cuirtear béim leis an future perfect continuous ar fhad an ghnímh nó ar an phróiseas atá ar siúl go dtí an nóiméad amach anseo.
- By 2025, I will have been training for four years.
(Faoi 2025, beidh ceithre bliana caite agam i mbun oiliúna.)
Future continuous agus future perfect continuous, cé acu roghnú?
De ghnáth léiríonn an future continuous go mbeidh gníomh ar siúl ag pointe áirithe amach anseo, gan béim ar an tréimhse iomlán.
- At 8 p.m. tomorrow, I will be having dinner.
(Amárach ag 8 p.m., beidh mé ag ithe mo dhinnéir.)
Léiríonn an future perfect continuous go mbeidh gníomh ar siúl ar feadh tréimhse go dtí pointe áirithe amach anseo.
- By 8 p.m. tomorrow, I will have been having dinner for an hour.
(Amárach ag 8 p.m., beidh uair an chloig caite agam ag ithe mo dhinnéir.)
Conclúid
Úsáidtear an future perfect continuous chun labhairt faoi ghníomhartha a mhaireoidh go pointe áirithe amach anseo. Cuireann sé béim ar leanúnachas agus fad an ghnímh.
Cé nach bhfuil sé róchoitianta, is uirlis úsáideach é chun smaointe faoi dhul chun cinn nó fad ama a chur in iúl. Ina theannta sin, feictear ceisteanna TOEIC® go minic ina bhfuil foirm den future perfect continuous.
Tá foirmeacha eile den aimsir sa todhchaí nár cheart duit neamhaird a dhéanamh díobh, seo iad na cúrsaí ar na foirmeacha eile den aimsir sa todhchaí:
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- 🔗 Cúrsa ar an aimsir sa todhchaí leis an present simple don TOEIC®
- 🔗 Cúrsa ar an aimsir sa todhchaí le modals don TOEIC®
- 🔗 Cúrsa ar an future continuous don TOEIC®
- 🔗 Cúrsa ar an future perfect don TOEIC®
- 🔗 Cúrsa ar an future perfect continuous don TOEIC®
- 🔗 Cúrsa ar an aimsir sa todhchaí sa chaoi a bhí don TOEIC®