英語の不規則動詞講座 - TOEIC®対策

はじめに
ここでは英語の不規則動詞の一覧(完全なリストではありません)を示します。各動詞には、TOEIC®に出現する確率(あくまで当校独自の観察に基づく仮の数値であり、公式なものではありません)を付けています。
この目的は、どの単語がTOEIC®で最もよく出現するかを把握できるようにすることです。
このリストは、最低限の語彙の基礎を提供するため、TOEIC®をより簡単に理解・攻略するための助けになります。
TOEIC®の不規則動詞
| 原形(Base Verb) | 過去形(Präteritum) | 過去分詞(Partizip Perfekt) | 日本語訳 | 出現確率 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| abide | abode | abode | 従う/順守する | 10% |
| arise | arose | arisen | 発生する | 20% |
| awake | awoke | awoken | 目覚める | 15% |
| be | was | been | 〜である | 95% |
| bear | bore | borne | 運ぶ/耐える | 25% |
| beat | beat | beaten | 打つ | 30% |
| become | became | become | 〜になる | 95% |
| begin | began | begun | 始める | 80% |
| bend | bent | bent | 曲げる/たわめる | 25% |
| bet | bet | bet | 賭ける | 20% |
| bid | bid | bid | 入札する/値をつける | 15% |
| bind | bound | bound | 縛る/結びつける | 20% |
| bite | bit | bitten | 噛む | 15% |
| bleed | bled | bled | 出血する | 10% |
| blow | blew | blown | 吹く | 25% |
| break | broke | broken | 壊す/割る | 80% |
| breed | bred | bred | (動物を)繁殖させる | 15% |
| bring | brought | brought | 持ってくる | 95% |
| build | built | built | 建てる | 80% |
| burn | burnt | burnt | 焼く/燃やす | 20% |
| burst | burst | burst | 破裂する | 15% |
| buy | bought | bought | 買う | 95% |
| cast | cast | cast | 投げる/(役を)配る | 20% |
| catch | caught | caught | 捕まえる | 80% |
| choose | chose | chosen | 選ぶ | 50% |
| cling | clung | clung | しがみつく | 15% |
| come | came | come | 来る | 95% |
| cost | cost | cost | (費用が)かかる | 80% |
| creep | crept | crept | 這う | 15% |
| cut | cut | cut | 切る | 80% |
| deal | dealt | dealt | 分配する | 25% |
| dig | dug | dug | 掘る | 20% |
| do | did | done | する | 95% |
| draw | drew | drawn | 描く | 50% |
| dream | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed | 夢見る | 20% |
| drink | drank | drunk | 飲む | 50% |
| drive | drove | driven | 運転する | 50% |
| dwell | dwelt/dwelled | dwelt/dwelled | 住む | 10% |
| eat | ate | eaten | 食べる | 80% |
| fall | fell | fallen | 落ちる | 50% |
| feed | fed | fed | 餌を与える | 30% |
| feel | felt | felt | (自分が)感じる | 80% |
| fight | fought | fought | 戦う | 30% |
| find | found | found | 見つける | 95% |
| flee | fled | fled | 逃げる | 15% |
| fling | flung | flung | 投げる | 10% |
| fly | flew | flown | 飛ぶ | 30% |
| forbid | forbade | forbidden | 禁じる | 20% |
| forecast | forecast | forecast | 予測する | 20% |
| foresee | foresaw | foreseen | 予見する/察知する | 15% |
| foretell | foretold | foretold | 予言する | 10% |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | 忘れる | 50% |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | 許す | 25% |
| forsake | forsook | forsaken | 見捨てる | 15% |
| freeze | froze | frozen | 凍る | 30% |
| get | got | got | 得る | 95% |
| give | gave | given | 与える | 95% |
| go | went | gone | 行く | 95% |
| grind | ground | ground | 挽く/すりつぶす | 15% |
| grow | grew | grown | 成長する | 50% |
| hang | hung | hung | 吊るす | 25% |
| have | had | had | 持つ | 95% |
| hear | heard | heard | 聞く | 80% |
| hide | hid | hidden | 隠れる/隠す | 30% |
| hit | hit | hit | 叩く/打つ | 50% |
| hold | held | held | 持つ/保持する | 80% |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | 傷つける/けがをする | 50% |
| keep | kept | kept | 保つ/維持する | 80% |
| kneel | knelt/kneeled | knelt/kneeled | ひざまずく | 10% |
| knit | knit | knit | 編む | 10% |
| know | knew | known | 知る | 95% |
| lay | laid | laid | 置く | 30% |
| lead | led | led | 導く | 50% |
| lean | leaned/leant | leaned/leant | 傾く/もたれる | 15% |
| leap | leaped/leapt | leaped/leapt | 跳ぶ/飛び跳ねる | 20% |
| learn | learnt | learnt | 学ぶ | 50% |
| leave | left | left | 去る/残す | 80% |
| lend | lent | lent | 貸す | 30% |
| let | let | let | 許す/させる | 80% |
| lie | lay | lain | 横になる | 30% |
| light | lit | lit | 点ける/照らす | 25% |
| lose | lost | lost | 失う/なくす | 80% |
| make | made | made | 作る | 95% |
| mean | meant | meant | 意味する | 80% |
| meet | met | met | 会う/出会う | 80% |
| mow | mowed | mown | (芝)刈る | 10% |
| overcome | overcame | overcome | 克服する | 30% |
| partake | partook | partaken | 参加する | 10% |
| pay | paid | paid | 支払う | 95% |
| put | put | put | 置く | 95% |
| quit | quit | quit | やめる/辞める | 20% |
| read | read | read | 読む | 80% |
| rid | rid | rid | 取り除く | 15% |
| ride | rode | ridden | 乗る(自転車/馬など) | 50% |
| ring | rang | rung | 鳴る | 25% |
| rise | rose | risen | 上がる/昇る | 30% |
| run | ran | run | 走る/運営する | 95% |
| saw | sawed | sawn | のこぎりで切る | 15% |
| say | said | said | 言う | 95% |
| see | saw | seen | 見る | 95% |
| seek | sought | sought | 探す | 30% |
| sell | sold | sold | 売る | 80% |
| send | sent | sent | 送る | 80% |
| set | set | set | 設定する/置く | 80% |
| sew | sewed | sewn | 縫う | 15% |
| shake | shook | shaken | 揺れる/振る | 30% |
| shear | sheared | shorn | (動物の毛を)刈る | 10% |
| shed | shed | shed | (毛や葉を)落とす | 10% |
| shine | shone | shone | 輝く | 20% |
| shoe | shod | shod | 靴を履かせる | 10% |
| shoot | shot | shot | 撃つ | 30% |
| show | showed | shown | 見せる | 50% |
| shut | shut | shut | 閉める | 25% |
| sing | sang | sung | 歌う | 30% |
| sink | sank | sunk | 沈む | 25% |
| sit | sat | sat | 座る | 80% |
| slay | slew | slain | 殺す/暗殺する | 10% |
| sleep | slept | slept | 眠る | 50% |
| slide | slid | slid | 滑る | 20% |
| slit | slit | slit | 切り裂く | 15% |
| smell | smelt/smelled | smelt/smelled | 匂いを嗅ぐ | 25% |
| sow | sowed | sown | 種をまく | 10% |
| speak | spoke | spoken | 話す | 95% |
| speed | sped | sped | 急ぐ/速く進む | 20% |
| spell | spelt | spelt | 綴る/スペルする | 20% |
| spend | spent | spent | 費やす/使う | 80% |
| spill | spilt | spilt | こぼす | 15% |
| spin | spun | spun | 回す/紡ぐ | 20% |
| spit | spat/spit | spat/spit | 吐く/つばを吐く | 10% |
| split | split | split | 割る/分裂する | 20% |
| spoil | spoilt | spoilt | 台無しにする | 15% |
| spread | spread | spread | 広げる/塗る | 25% |
| spring | sprang | sprung | 跳ねる/跳び出す | 15% |
| stand | stood | stood | 立つ | 80% |
| steal | stole | stolen | 盗む/奪う | 30% |
| stick | stuck | stuck | くっつける/貼り付ける | 25% |
| sting | stung | stung | 刺す | 15% |
| stink | stank | stunk | 臭う/悪臭を放つ | 10% |
| stride | strode | stridden | 大股で歩く | 10% |
| strike | struck | struck | 打つ/叩く | 30% |
| strive | strove | striven | 努力する | 15% |
| swear | swore | sworn | 誓う | 25% |
| sweep | swept | swept | 掃く | 20% |
| swell | swelled | swollen | 膨れる/腫れる | 15% |
| swim | swam | swum | 泳ぐ | 25% |
| swing | swung | swung | 揺れる/振れる | 15% |
| take | took | taken | 取る | 95% |
| teach | taught | taught | 教える | 95% |
| tear | tore | torn | 破る/引き裂く | 25% |
| tell | told | told | 言う/伝える | 95% |
| think | thought | thought | 考える | 95% |
| throw | threw | thrown | 投げる/放る | 50% |
| thrust | thrust | thrust | 突き刺す | 10% |
| tread | trod | trodden | 踏む/踏みつける | 10% |
| undergo | underwent | undergone | 経験する/受ける | 20% |
| understand | understood | understood | 理解する | 95% |
| undertake | undertook | undertaken | 引き受ける/取り組む | 20% |
| upset | upset | upset | 動揺させる | 15% |
| wake | woke | woken | 起こす/目覚めさせる | 30% |
| wear | wore | worn | 着る/身につける | 50% |
| weave | wove | woven | 編む/織る | 10% |
| weep | wept | wept | 泣く | 20% |
| win | won | won | 勝つ(ゲームで) | 80% |
| wind | wound | wound | 巻く/(時計を)巻き上げる | 15% |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | 引き出す/撤回する | 25% |
| withhold | withheld | withheld | 差し控える/保留する | 20% |
| withstand | withstood | withstood | 耐える/抵抗する | 15% |
| wring | wrung | wrung | 絞る | 10% |
| write | wrote | written | 書く | 95% |
| broadcast | broadcast | broadcast | 放送する | 20% |
| deal (with) | dealt | dealt | 対処する/扱う | 25% |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk | 縮む/小さくなる | 15% |
結論
英語の文法をさらに学びたい方は、次の参考記事をおすすめします: