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영어 연결어 수업 - TOEIC® 준비

top-students.com의 교사가 칠판에 영어 연결어를 분필로 설명하고 있습니다. 이 수업은 TOEIC® 시험에서 우수한 성적을 목표로 하는 전문 TOEIC® 과정입니다.

연결어(linking words 또는 connectors)는 아이디어를 연결하고 텍스트나 연설을 더 자연스럽고 매끄럽게 만드는 역할을 합니다. 이 수업에서는 주요 연결어 유형을 카테고리별로 정리하여 살펴봅니다.

1. 아이디어를 추가하거나 나열하는 연결어

이 연결어들은 새로운 정보를 소개하거나, 아이디어를 보완하거나, 논리적인 순서(시간순 또는 중요도순)로 항목을 구조화할 때 사용됩니다.

단어번역예시
and그리고I like watching movies and reading books.
also또한She works as a teacher; she also does volunteer work on weekends.
as well또한 / 역시He's a talented singer as well as a skilled guitarist.
in addition게다가 / 또한She speaks Spanish. In addition, she understands French.
moreover게다가He was late. Moreover, he didn’t bring his notes.
furthermore게다가 / 또한We have no time. Furthermore, we lack the necessary equipment.
besides게다가 / 덧붙여서I don’t like horror films. Besides, they scare me.
first / firstly먼저 / 첫째로First, let me introduce the main topic of the meeting.
second / secondly둘째로Second, we will examine the results of the survey.
third / thirdly셋째로Third, we’ll compare these results to last year’s data.
next다음으로Next, we need to analyze the data in more detail.
then그리고 / 그 다음에Then, we’ll move on to the final discussion.
finally마지막으로Finally, we’ll summarize our conclusions.
lastly끝으로Lastly, we should thank everyone for their contributions.
last but not least마지막으로 중요한 점Last but not least, let’s address the financial aspect.

뉘앙스 / 예외

2. 원인 및 결과를 나타내는 연결어

이 연결어들은 어떤 일이 **왜 발생했는지(원인)**와 그 **결과(결과)**를 나타냅니다.

원인을 표현할 때

단어번역예시
because~때문에I stayed home because it was raining heavily.
since~이므로 / ~이기 때문에Since you’re here early, let’s start the meeting now.
as~이기 때문에As I was busy, I couldn’t attend the conference.
due to~때문에 / ~로 인해The game was canceled due to bad weather.
owing to~로 인해Owing to the traffic, we arrived late.

결과를 표현할 때

단어번역예시
so그래서 / 그러므로It was raining, so I took an umbrella.
therefore그러므로 / 따라서She didn’t study; therefore, she failed the exam.
thus그래서 / 그 결과He saved money; thus, he could afford a new car.
as a result그 결과 / 결과적으로Sales increased. As a result, the company hired more staff.
consequently결과적으로 / 그로 인해The project failed. Consequently, they lost their funding.
hence그래서 / 그로 인해He was the best performer; hence, his rapid promotion.

뉘앙스 / 예외

3. 조건을 나타내는 연결어

단어번역예시
if만약If it rains, we’ll stay home.
unless~하지 않는 한I won’t go out unless you come with me.
provided (that)~라는 조건에서I’ll lend you the book provided (that) you give it back soon.
providing (that)~라는 조건에서 / ~하는 한We’ll succeed providing (that) we all work together.
as long as~하는 한 / ~라면You can stay out as long as you call me if you need anything.
on condition that~라는 조건에서He will sign the contract on condition that we respect the deadline.
in case~할 경우에 / 만약을 대비해서Take an umbrella in case it rains.

뉘앙스 / 예외

4. 반대나 양보를 표현하는 연결어

반대를 표현할 때

단어번역예시
but하지만He is rich, but he is not happy.
however그러나 / 그럼에도 불구하고I like the city; however, I prefer the countryside.
yet하지만 / 그럼에도It seemed easy at first, yet it turned out complicated.
nevertheless그럼에도 불구하고They lost the match; nevertheless, they played bravely.
nonetheless그럼에도 / 그래도It’s raining; nonetheless, we decided to go hiking.
still그래도 / 여전히She apologized; still, he remained upset.
whereas반면에 / ~에 반하여She loves jazz, whereas her brother prefers rock music.
while~인 반면에 / ~하면서While I like sweets, I try to eat healthy.
on the other hand반대로 / 한편으로는The city is noisy; on the other hand, it’s very vibrant.

양보를 표현할 때

단어번역예시
although비록 ~이지만Although it was late, we kept studying.
even though비록 ~일지라도She won even though she was injured.
though~이지만 / ~에도 불구하고Though it was difficult, he managed to finish on time.
despite~에도 불구하고Despite the rain, they continued their trip.
in spite of~에도 불구하고In spite of her fear, she gave a great speech.
even if설령 ~한다 해도We will go out even if it starts raining later.

뉘앙스 / 예외

5. 목적을 나타내는 연결어

단어번역예시
to~하기 위해He works hard to achieve his dreams.
in order to~하기 위해She left early in order to catch the first train.
so as to~하기 위해We must prepare everything so as to avoid any delay.
so that~하도록 / ~할 수 있게Turn down the music so that the neighbors won’t complain.
in order that~할 수 있도록We set up a meeting in order that everyone can participate.

뉘앙스 / 예외

6. 예시나 설명을 제시하는 연결어

단어번역예시
for example예를 들어Some countries, for example, Italy, are famous for their cuisine.
for instance예를 들면There are many social networks; for instance, TikTok and Instagram.
such as~와 같은 / 예를 들어He likes outdoor activities such as hiking and kayaking.
like~와 같은She enjoys sports like football and basketball.
e.g.(예시로)You should eat more fruits (e.g., apples, bananas, oranges).
specifically구체적으로She focuses on sustainable energy, specifically solar power.
to illustrate설명하자면To illustrate, let’s look at last year’s revenue figures.

뉘앙스 / 예외

7. 요약하거나 결론을 내릴 때 사용하는 연결어

단어번역예시
in conclusion결론적으로In conclusion, both methods can be effective.
to sum up요약하자면To sum up, we need more resources to complete this project.
in summary요약하자면 / 정리하자면In summary, we’ve covered all the major points.
all in all전체적으로 / 결과적으로All in all, it was a successful event.
overall전반적으로 / 전체적으로Overall, the feedback has been positive.
to conclude결론적으로To conclude, let’s review the final recommendations.
briefly간단히Briefly, the test results are better than expected.
in short간단히 말해In short, we need a better strategy.

뉘앙스 / 예외

결론

연결어는 영어 문장을 구조화하는 데 필수적입니다. 연결어는 말을 더 명확하게 하고, 더 자연스럽게 하며, 논리를 더 쉽게 전달합니다. TOEIC® 시험에서는 연결어에 대한 이해와 활용 능력이 매우 중요하며, 특히 Reading 파트에서는 아이디어 간의 논리적 연결을 파악할 수 있고, Listening 파트에서는 대화나 연설의 흐름을 따라갈 수 있게 도움을 줍니다.

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