使用 "be going to" 表示将来时 - TOEIC® 备考课程

使用 "be going to" 是英语中另一种常见表达将来要发生的动作或事件的方式。
如何构造 "be going to" 的将来时?
下面是 "be going to" 在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中的构造方法:
形式 | 结构 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
肯定句 | 主语 + be + going to + 动词 | I am going to study. (我要学习。) He is going to travel. (他要去旅行。) They are going to play. (他们要去玩。) |
否定句 | 主语 + be + not + going to + 动词 | I am not going to watch TV. (我不会看电视。) She is not going to come. (她不会来。) We are not going to wait. (我们不会等。) |
疑问句 | Be + 主语 + going to + 动词? | Are you going to join the meeting? (你要参加会议吗?) Is he going to leave? (他要离开吗?) Are they going to eat? (他们要吃饭吗?) |
什么时候使用 "be going to" 表示将来?
以下是我们使用 "be going to" 的语境:
A. 用 "be going to" 表达未来的决定或计划
当某人已经决定要做某件未来的事情时,就用 "be going to"。这种形式强调决定已做出。
- I am going to start a new book tomorrow.
(我打算明天开始读一本新书。) - We are going to visit London next summer.
(我们打算明年夏天去伦敦旅游。) - Are they going to organize a surprise party for her birthday?
(他们打算为她生日筹办一个惊喜派对吗?)
B. 用 "be going to" 表达预测
当情况或迹象清楚地表明某事将会发生时,使用 "be going to" 来表达这种确定性。这些迹象通常是明确的、实际的证据,让我们确信事情会发生。
- The sky is dark, and the wind is getting stronger. It is going to rain soon.
(天空很黑,风也越来越大。很快就要下雨了。) - He is coughing a lot. He is going to see a doctor.
(他咳嗽得很厉害。他要去看医生了。)
C. 用 "be going to" 表达近期将发生的事情
"be going to" 还可以用于描述即将发生的事件,有时甚至是几分钟或几小时后。这种用法强调动作的临近。
- The train is going to leave in 20 minutes.
(火车将在20分钟后发车。) - The show is going to start soon.
(演出很快就要开始了。)
表达即将发生时,也可以用 "be about to"。这种表达比 "be going to" 更加突出动作的迫近性。
- The plane is about to take off.
(飞机马上就要起飞了。) - She is about to call you.
(她正准备给你打电话。) - The movie is about to start, hurry up!
(电影马上就要开始了,快点!)
D. 用 "will" 还是 "be going to",该怎么选?
- "be going to" 用于已计划好的事情或基于事实的预测。
- We are going to attend the conference in Paris.
(我们将参加在巴黎举行的会议。)
- We are going to attend the conference in Paris.
- "will" 通常用于临时决定、提议或没有根据的预测。
- He will probably fail the exam.
(他可能会考不及格。)
- He will probably fail the exam.
通常,"be going to" 用于描述近期的将来,而 "will" 多用于较远的将来。
- I am going to visit my grandmother next weekend.
(我打算下周末去看望我的祖母。) - I will visit my grandmother next summer.
(我会在明年夏天去看望我的祖母。)
总结
使用 "be going to" 的将来时是英语(特别是 TOEIC®)中的常见表达。但英语还有其他将来时,你也要掌握。以下是其他将来时相关课程: